# Start of question: A 0.02 m3 rigid cylinder containing water at the critical point cools down to room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. Find (a) the work and (b) heat transfer from the water. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A 0.02 m3 rigid cylinder containing water at the critical point cools down to room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. Find (a) the work and (b) heat transfer from the water. :QUESTION:H A 0.02 m3 rigid cylinder containing water at the critical point cools down to room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. Find (a) the work and (b) heat transfer from the water. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0 :100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-12340 :100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: A 0.02 m3 rigid cylinder containing water at the critical point cools down to room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. Find (a) the work and (b) heat transfer from the water. # Start of question: Warm air in a spring loaded-piston-cylinder assembly cools slowly from an initial volume of 0.004 m3 to a final volume of 0.001 m3. The outside pressure is 100 kPa, and the area of the frictionless piston is 0.018 m2. (a) Find the initial and final pressures, in kPa, (b) Find the work, in kJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Warm air in a spring loaded-piston-cylinder assembly cools slowly from an initial volume of 0.004 m3 to a final volume of 0.001 m3. The outside pressure is 100 kPa, and the area of the frictionless piston is 0.018 m2. (a) Find the initial and final pressures, in kPa, (b) Find the work, in kJ. :QUESTION:H Warm air in a spring loaded-piston-cylinder assembly cools slowly from an initial volume of 0.004 m3 to a final volume of 0.001 m3. The outside pressure is 100 kPa, and the area of the frictionless piston is 0.018 m2. (a) Find the initial and final pressures, in kPa, (b) Find the work, in kJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:150 :100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:100 :100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Warm air in a spring loaded-piston-cylinder assembly cools slowly from an initial volume of 0.004 m3 to a final volume of 0.001 m3. The outside pressure is 100 kPa, and the area of the frictionless piston is 0.018 m2. (a) Find the initial and final pressures, in kPa, (b) Find the work, in kJ. # Start of question: Ten kilograms of R-22 at 10 Deg. Centigrade are contained in vertical cylinder with floating piston. Upon heating, the piston rises until it reaches a set of stops at which point the volume becomes twice the initial volume. More heat is transferred until the temperature and pressure inside reaches 50 Deg. Centigrade, and 1.3 Mpa, respectively. a. What is the quality at the initial state? b. Calculate thework for the overall process c. Calculate the heat transfer for the overall process. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Ten kilograms of R-22 at 10 Deg. Centigrade are contained in vertical cylinder with floating piston. Upon heating, the piston rises until it reaches a set of stops at which point the volume becomes twice the initial volume. More heat is transferred until the temperature and pressure inside reaches 50 Deg. Centigrade, and 1.3 Mpa, respectively. a. What is the quality at the initial state? b. Calculate thework for the overall process c. Calculate the heat transfer for the overall process. :QUESTION:H Ten kilograms of R-22 at 10 Deg. Centigrade are contained in vertical cylinder with floating piston. Upon heating, the piston rises until it reaches a set of stops at which point the volume becomes twice the initial volume. More heat is transferred until the temperature and pressure inside reaches 50 Deg. Centigrade, and 1.3 Mpa, respectively. a. What is the quality at the initial state? b. Calculate thework for the overall process c. Calculate the heat transfer for the overall process. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.2735 :100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:341:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Ten kilograms of R-22 at 10 Deg. Centigrade are contained in vertical cylinder with floating piston. Upon heating, the piston rises until it reaches a set of stops at which point the volume becomes twice the initial volume. More heat is transferred until the temperature and pressure inside reaches 50 Deg. Centigrade, and 1.3 Mpa, respectively. a. What is the quality at the initial state? b. Calculate thework for the overall process c. Calculate the heat transfer for the overall process. # Start of question: Initially p1 = 400 kPa and T1 = 400 Deg. Centigrade, as shown in Fig. Q3. As heat escapes the cylinder, the piston goes down. What is T2 in degrees centigrade when the frictionless piston just hits the stops? :TYPE:S :TITLE:Initially p1 = 400 kPa and T1 = 400 Deg. Centigrade, as shown in Fig. Q3. As heat escapes the cylinder, the piston goes down. What is T2 in degrees centigrade when the frictionless piston just hits the stops? :QUESTION:H Initially p1 = 400 kPa and T1 = 400 Deg. Centigrade, as shown in Fig. Q3. As heat escapes the cylinder, the piston goes down. What is T2 in degrees centigrade when the frictionless piston just hits the stops? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:315:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Initially p1 = 400 kPa and T1 = 400 Deg. Centigrade, as shown in Fig. Q3. As heat escapes the cylinder, the piston goes down. What is T2 in degrees centigrade when the frictionless piston just hits the stops? # Start of question: A closed system of mass 5 kg undergoes a process in which there is work of magnitude 9 kJ to the system from the surroundings. The elevation of the system increases by 700 m during the process. The specific internal energy of the system decreases by 6 kJ/kg and there is no change in kinetic energy of the system. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.6 m/s2. Determine the heat transfer, in kJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A closed system of mass 5 kg undergoes a process in which there is work of magnitude 9 kJ to the system from the surroundings. The elevation of the system increases by 700 m during the process. The specific internal energy of the system decreases by 6 kJ/kg and there is no change in kinetic energy of the system. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.6 m/s2. Determine the heat transfer, in kJ. :QUESTION:H A closed system of mass 5 kg undergoes a process in which there is work of magnitude 9 kJ to the system from the surroundings. The elevation of the system increases by 700 m during the process. The specific internal energy of the system decreases by 6 kJ/kg and there is no change in kinetic energy of the system. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.6 m/s2. Determine the heat transfer, in kJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-21:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: A closed system of mass 5 kg undergoes a process in which there is work of magnitude 9 kJ to the system from the surroundings. The elevation of the system increases by 700 m during the process. The specific internal energy of the system decreases by 6 kJ/kg and there is no change in kinetic energy of the system. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.6 m/s2. Determine the heat transfer, in kJ. # Start of question: The inlet pressure and temperature of steam entering a nozzle are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The exit pressure and temperature are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The mass flow rate is 4 kg/s. Neglecting heat transfer and potential energy, determine (a) the exit velocity, in m/s. (b) the inlet and exit flow areas, in cm2 :TYPE:S :TITLE:The inlet pressure and temperature of steam entering a nozzle are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The exit pressure and temperature are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The mass flow rate is 4 kg/s. Neglecting heat transfer and potential energy, determine (a) the exit velocity, in m/s. (b) the inlet and exit flow areas, in cm2 :QUESTION:H The inlet pressure and temperature of steam entering a nozzle are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The exit pressure and temperature are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The mass flow rate is 4 kg/s. Neglecting heat transfer and potential energy, determine (a) the exit velocity, in m/s. (b) the inlet and exit flow areas, in cm2 :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:939.18:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:34:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: The inlet pressure and temperature of steam entering a nozzle are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The exit pressure and temperature are 10 bar and 200 Deg. Centigrade, respectively. The mass flow rate is 4 kg/s. Neglecting heat transfer and potential energy, determine (a) the exit velocity, in m/s. (b) the inlet and exit flow areas, in cm2 # Start of question: An insulated diffuser operating at steady state is designed such that air enters with a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 400 K, and a velocity of 250 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 1.13 bar and the velocity is 140 m/s. You can neglect potential energy. Using the ideal gas model, determine (a) the ratio of the exit flow area to the inlet flow area. (b) the exit temperature, in K. :TYPE:S :TITLE:An insulated diffuser operating at steady state is designed such that air enters with a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 400 K, and a velocity of 250 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 1.13 bar and the velocity is 140 m/s. You can neglect potential energy. Using the ideal gas model, determine (a) the ratio of the exit flow area to the inlet flow area. (b) the exit temperature, in K. :QUESTION:H An insulated diffuser operating at steady state is designed such that air enters with a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 400 K, and a velocity of 250 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 1.13 bar and the velocity is 140 m/s. You can neglect potential energy. Using the ideal gas model, determine (a) the ratio of the exit flow area to the inlet flow area. (b) the exit temperature, in K. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:422.43:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:1.668:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: An insulated diffuser operating at steady state is designed such that air enters with a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 400 K, and a velocity of 250 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 1.13 bar and the velocity is 140 m/s. You can neglect potential energy. Using the ideal gas model, determine (a) the ratio of the exit flow area to the inlet flow area. (b) the exit temperature, in K. # Start of question: Air expands steadily through a 2000 kW-turbine from 10 bar, 900 K to 1 bar, 500 K. The inlet velocity is small compared to the exit velocity of 100 m/s. Heat transfer between the turbine and its surroundings as well as potential energy effects are negligible. Find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/s, and the exit area, in cm2. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air expands steadily through a 2000 kW-turbine from 10 bar, 900 K to 1 bar, 500 K. The inlet velocity is small compared to the exit velocity of 100 m/s. Heat transfer between the turbine and its surroundings as well as potential energy effects are negligible. Find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/s, and the exit area, in cm2. :QUESTION:H Air expands steadily through a 2000 kW-turbine from 10 bar, 900 K to 1 bar, 500 K. The inlet velocity is small compared to the exit velocity of 100 m/s. Heat transfer between the turbine and its surroundings as well as potential energy effects are negligible. Find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/s, and the exit area, in cm2. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:4.71:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:675:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Air expands steadily through a 2000 kW-turbine from 10 bar, 900 K to 1 bar, 500 K. The inlet velocity is small compared to the exit velocity of 100 m/s. Heat transfer between the turbine and its surroundings as well as potential energy effects are negligible. Find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/s, and the exit area, in cm2. # Start of question: Steam enters steadily a well-insulated 20 MW-turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade with a velocity of 35 m/s. The steam flow rate is 30 kg/s. The steam exits as saturated vapor at 0.06 bar with a velocity of 120 m/s. Neglecting potential energy effects, determine the inlet enthalpy, in Kj/kg. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Steam enters steadily a well-insulated 20 MW-turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade with a velocity of 35 m/s. The steam flow rate is 30 kg/s. The steam exits as saturated vapor at 0.06 bar with a velocity of 120 m/s. Neglecting potential energy effects, determine the inlet enthalpy, in Kj/kg. :QUESTION:H Steam enters steadily a well-insulated 20 MW-turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade with a velocity of 35 m/s. The steam flow rate is 30 kg/s. The steam exits as saturated vapor at 0.06 bar with a velocity of 120 m/s. Neglecting potential energy effects, determine the inlet enthalpy, in Kj/kg. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:3240.7:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Steam enters steadily a well-insulated 20 MW-turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade with a velocity of 35 m/s. The steam flow rate is 30 kg/s. The steam exits as saturated vapor at 0.06 bar with a velocity of 120 m/s. Neglecting potential energy effects, determine the inlet enthalpy, in Kj/kg. # Start of question: Water enters a 500 kW-hydraulic turbine at 20 Deg. Centigrade with negligible velocity and exits from the turbine at 10 m/s. The intake to the turbine is located at an elevation of 10 m above the turbine exit. The water passes through the turbine with no significant changes in temperature or pressure between the inlet and exit, and heat transfer is negligible. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.81 m/s2. What is the mass flow rate of water, in kg/s? :TYPE:S :TITLE:Water enters a 500 kW-hydraulic turbine at 20 Deg. Centigrade with negligible velocity and exits from the turbine at 10 m/s. The intake to the turbine is located at an elevation of 10 m above the turbine exit. The water passes through the turbine with no significant changes in temperature or pressure between the inlet and exit, and heat transfer is negligible. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.81 m/s2. What is the mass flow rate of water, in kg/s? :QUESTION:H Water enters a 500 kW-hydraulic turbine at 20 Deg. Centigrade with negligible velocity and exits from the turbine at 10 m/s. The intake to the turbine is located at an elevation of 10 m above the turbine exit. The water passes through the turbine with no significant changes in temperature or pressure between the inlet and exit, and heat transfer is negligible. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.81 m/s2. What is the mass flow rate of water, in kg/s? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:7280:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Water enters a 500 kW-hydraulic turbine at 20 Deg. Centigrade with negligible velocity and exits from the turbine at 10 m/s. The intake to the turbine is located at an elevation of 10 m above the turbine exit. The water passes through the turbine with no significant changes in temperature or pressure between the inlet and exit, and heat transfer is negligible. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.81 m/s2. What is the mass flow rate of water, in kg/s? # Start of question: Air is compressed at steady state from 120 kPa , 300 K, to 720 kPa with a mass flow rate of 10 kg/s. Each unit of mass passing from inlet to exit undergoes a process described by pv1.27 = constant. . Cooling water circulating in a water jackets enclosing the compressor, absorbs 47 kJ/kg of heat from the compressor. If kinetic and potential energy changes of the air from inlet to exit are negligible, calculate the compressor power, in kW. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air is compressed at steady state from 120 kPa , 300 K, to 720 kPa with a mass flow rate of 10 kg/s. Each unit of mass passing from inlet to exit undergoes a process described by pv1.27 = constant. . Cooling water circulating in a water jackets enclosing the compressor, absorbs 47 kJ/kg of heat from the compressor. If kinetic and potential energy changes of the air from inlet to exit are negligible, calculate the compressor power, in kW. :QUESTION:H Air is compressed at steady state from 120 kPa , 300 K, to 720 kPa with a mass flow rate of 10 kg/s. Each unit of mass passing from inlet to exit undergoes a process described by pv1.27 = constant. . Cooling water circulating in a water jackets enclosing the compressor, absorbs 47 kJ/kg of heat from the compressor. If kinetic and potential energy changes of the air from inlet to exit are negligible, calculate the compressor power, in kW. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-1875:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Air is compressed at steady state from 120 kPa , 300 K, to 720 kPa with a mass flow rate of 10 kg/s. Each unit of mass passing from inlet to exit undergoes a process described by pv1.27 = constant. . Cooling water circulating in a water jackets enclosing the compressor, absorbs 47 kJ/kg of heat from the compressor. If kinetic and potential energy changes of the air from inlet to exit are negligible, calculate the compressor power, in kW. # Start of question: Refrigerant 22 enters a compressor at 500 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, with a volumetric flow rate of 0.6 m3/min. The diameters of the inlet and exit pipes are 4 and 2 cm, respectively. At the exit, the pressure is 1400 kPa and the temperature is 90 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting heat transfer, determine the power input in kW. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Refrigerant 22 enters a compressor at 500 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, with a volumetric flow rate of 0.6 m3/min. The diameters of the inlet and exit pipes are 4 and 2 cm, respectively. At the exit, the pressure is 1400 kPa and the temperature is 90 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting heat transfer, determine the power input in kW. :QUESTION:H Refrigerant 22 enters a compressor at 500 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, with a volumetric flow rate of 0.6 m3/min. The diameters of the inlet and exit pipes are 4 and 2 cm, respectively. At the exit, the pressure is 1400 kPa and the temperature is 90 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting heat transfer, determine the power input in kW. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-10.04:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Refrigerant 22 enters a compressor at 500 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, with a volumetric flow rate of 0.6 m3/min. The diameters of the inlet and exit pipes are 4 and 2 cm, respectively. At the exit, the pressure is 1400 kPa and the temperature is 90 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting heat transfer, determine the power input in kW. # Start of question: Refrigerant 134a is compressed steadily in a 55.2 kJ/kg-compressor from 320 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, to l000 kPa, 70 Deg. Centigrade. The flow rate of refrigerant entering is 2.0 m3/min. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects. Determine the heat transfer rate, in kW. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Refrigerant 134a is compressed steadily in a 55.2 kJ/kg-compressor from 320 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, to l000 kPa, 70 Deg. Centigrade. The flow rate of refrigerant entering is 2.0 m3/min. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects. Determine the heat transfer rate, in kW. :QUESTION:H Refrigerant 134a is compressed steadily in a 55.2 kJ/kg-compressor from 320 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, to l000 kPa, 70 Deg. Centigrade. The flow rate of refrigerant entering is 2.0 m3/min. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects. Determine the heat transfer rate, in kW. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-0.0933:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Refrigerant 134a is compressed steadily in a 55.2 kJ/kg-compressor from 320 kPa, 10 Deg. Centigrade, to l000 kPa, 70 Deg. Centigrade. The flow rate of refrigerant entering is 2.0 m3/min. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects. Determine the heat transfer rate, in kW. # Start of question: A 300 kg/h superheated ammonia enters a heat exchanger at 1.4 Mpa, 60 Deg. Centigrade, where it is cooled to saturated liquid at 1.4 Mpa. A separate stream of air enters the heat exchanger at 22 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa and exits at 47 Deg. Centigrade, 1 kPa. (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the cooling process of the ammonia stream, (b) Determine the mass flow rate of the air, in kg/s. Assume the heat exchanger to be well insulated. and neglect kinetic and potential energy effects. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A 300 kg/h superheated ammonia enters a heat exchanger at 1.4 Mpa, 60 Deg. Centigrade, where it is cooled to saturated liquid at 1.4 Mpa. A separate stream of air enters the heat exchanger at 22 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa and exits at 47 Deg. Centigrade, 1 kPa. (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the cooling process of the ammonia stream, (b) Determine the mass flow rate of the air, in kg/s. Assume the heat exchanger to be well insulated. and neglect kinetic and potential energy effects. :QUESTION:H A 300 kg/h superheated ammonia enters a heat exchanger at 1.4 Mpa, 60 Deg. Centigrade, where it is cooled to saturated liquid at 1.4 Mpa. A separate stream of air enters the heat exchanger at 22 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa and exits at 47 Deg. Centigrade, 1 kPa. (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the cooling process of the ammonia stream, (b) Determine the mass flow rate of the air, in kg/s. Assume the heat exchanger to be well insulated. and neglect kinetic and potential energy effects. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:3.95:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: A 300 kg/h superheated ammonia enters a heat exchanger at 1.4 Mpa, 60 Deg. Centigrade, where it is cooled to saturated liquid at 1.4 Mpa. A separate stream of air enters the heat exchanger at 22 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa and exits at 47 Deg. Centigrade, 1 kPa. (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the cooling process of the ammonia stream, (b) Determine the mass flow rate of the air, in kg/s. Assume the heat exchanger to be well insulated. and neglect kinetic and potential energy effects. # Start of question: Liquid water enters steadily at mixing chamber at T1 = 45 Deg. Centigrade and P1 = 300 kPa. At the same pressure, water vapor at T2 = 320 Deg. Centigrade enters at inlet 2 and the mixture exits as saturated liquid water. Assuming the mixing chamber is insulated, and ignoring all kinetic and potential energy effects (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the states of the three streams, (b) Determine the mass flow rate at inlet 2, if the mass flow rate of the liquid entering at inlet 1 is . :TYPE:S :TITLE:Liquid water enters steadily at mixing chamber at T1 = 45 Deg. Centigrade and P1 = 300 kPa. At the same pressure, water vapor at T2 = 320 Deg. Centigrade enters at inlet 2 and the mixture exits as saturated liquid water. Assuming the mixing chamber is insulated, and ignoring all kinetic and potential energy effects (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the states of the three streams, (b) Determine the mass flow rate at inlet 2, if the mass flow rate of the liquid entering at inlet 1 is . :QUESTION:H Liquid water enters steadily at mixing chamber at T1 = 45 Deg. Centigrade and P1 = 300 kPa. At the same pressure, water vapor at T2 = 320 Deg. Centigrade enters at inlet 2 and the mixture exits as saturated liquid water. Assuming the mixing chamber is insulated, and ignoring all kinetic and potential energy effects (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the states of the three streams, (b) Determine the mass flow rate at inlet 2, if the mass flow rate of the liquid entering at inlet 1 is . :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.146 x 10^5:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Liquid water enters steadily at mixing chamber at T1 = 45 Deg. Centigrade and P1 = 300 kPa. At the same pressure, water vapor at T2 = 320 Deg. Centigrade enters at inlet 2 and the mixture exits as saturated liquid water. Assuming the mixing chamber is insulated, and ignoring all kinetic and potential energy effects (a) Draw a T-v diagram showing the states of the three streams, (b) Determine the mass flow rate at inlet 2, if the mass flow rate of the liquid entering at inlet 1 is . # Start of question: A 25 m3/min air is passed in the cooling coils of a well insulated heat exchanger from 27 Deg. Centigrade, 110 kPa to 15 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa. The cooling stream is refrigerant-22 that enters the tubes at 700 kPa with a quality of 16% and exits at 700 kPa, 15 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, (a) assuming ideal gas behavior, find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/min. (a) find the mass flow rate of refrigerant, in kg/min. (b) the rate of energy transfer, in kJ/min, from the air to the refrigerant. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A 25 m3/min air is passed in the cooling coils of a well insulated heat exchanger from 27 Deg. Centigrade, 110 kPa to 15 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa. The cooling stream is refrigerant-22 that enters the tubes at 700 kPa with a quality of 16% and exits at 700 kPa, 15 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, (a) assuming ideal gas behavior, find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/min. (a) find the mass flow rate of refrigerant, in kg/min. (b) the rate of energy transfer, in kJ/min, from the air to the refrigerant. :QUESTION:H A 25 m3/min air is passed in the cooling coils of a well insulated heat exchanger from 27 Deg. Centigrade, 110 kPa to 15 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa. The cooling stream is refrigerant-22 that enters the tubes at 700 kPa with a quality of 16% and exits at 700 kPa, 15 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, (a) assuming ideal gas behavior, find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/min. (a) find the mass flow rate of refrigerant, in kg/min. (b) the rate of energy transfer, in kJ/min, from the air to the refrigerant. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:31.94:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:2.30:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: A 25 m3/min air is passed in the cooling coils of a well insulated heat exchanger from 27 Deg. Centigrade, 110 kPa to 15 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa. The cooling stream is refrigerant-22 that enters the tubes at 700 kPa with a quality of 16% and exits at 700 kPa, 15 Deg. Centigrade. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, (a) assuming ideal gas behavior, find the mass flow rate of air, in kg/min. (a) find the mass flow rate of refrigerant, in kg/min. (b) the rate of energy transfer, in kJ/min, from the air to the refrigerant. # Start of question: Saturated water vapor flowing in a line at 400 kPa, is throttled through a valve to 100 kPa. Assuming no changes in kinetic energy and no heat transfer, (a) what is the inlet temperature?, (b) what is the exit state? (d) draw the process on a T-v diagram, and determine the exit temperature. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Saturated water vapor flowing in a line at 400 kPa, is throttled through a valve to 100 kPa. Assuming no changes in kinetic energy and no heat transfer, (a) what is the inlet temperature?, (b) what is the exit state? (d) draw the process on a T-v diagram, and determine the exit temperature. :QUESTION:H Saturated water vapor flowing in a line at 400 kPa, is throttled through a valve to 100 kPa. Assuming no changes in kinetic energy and no heat transfer, (a) what is the inlet temperature?, (b) what is the exit state? (d) draw the process on a T-v diagram, and determine the exit temperature. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:143.63:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:superheated vapor:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Saturated water vapor flowing in a line at 400 kPa, is throttled through a valve to 100 kPa. Assuming no changes in kinetic energy and no heat transfer, (a) what is the inlet temperature?, (b) what is the exit state? (d) draw the process on a T-v diagram, and determine the exit temperature. # Start of question: Helium is throttled from 2 MPa, 20 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 100 kPa. One can assume that the inlet and exit velocities are almost the same because the diameter of the exit pipe is so much larger than the inlet pipe. (a) find the exit temperature of the helium and (b) the ratio of the pipe diameters. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Helium is throttled from 2 MPa, 20 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 100 kPa. One can assume that the inlet and exit velocities are almost the same because the diameter of the exit pipe is so much larger than the inlet pipe. (a) find the exit temperature of the helium and (b) the ratio of the pipe diameters. :QUESTION:H Helium is throttled from 2 MPa, 20 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 100 kPa. One can assume that the inlet and exit velocities are almost the same because the diameter of the exit pipe is so much larger than the inlet pipe. (a) find the exit temperature of the helium and (b) the ratio of the pipe diameters. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:20:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:4.5:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law Closed System # End of question: Helium is throttled from 2 MPa, 20 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 100 kPa. One can assume that the inlet and exit velocities are almost the same because the diameter of the exit pipe is so much larger than the inlet pipe. (a) find the exit temperature of the helium and (b) the ratio of the pipe diameters. # Start of question: Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank is originally evacuated. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank is originally evacuated. :QUESTION:H Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank is originally evacuated. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-200:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law, VSUF # End of question: Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank is originally evacuated. # Start of question: Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank contains air at 70 kPa, 25 Deg. Centigrade. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank contains air at 70 kPa, 25 Deg. Centigrade. :QUESTION:H Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank contains air at 70 kPa, 25 Deg. Centigrade. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-60:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:First Law, VSUF # End of question: Atmospheric air at 25 Deg. Centigrade leaks into a 2 m3 rigid tank. Eventually, the pressure in the tank reaches atmospheric pressure. The hole is very small and hence the process is slow enough such that heat transfer to the surroundings keeps the temperature of the air inside the tank constant at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the amount of heat transfer, in kJ, if initially the tank contains air at 70 kPa, 25 Deg. Centigrade. # Start of question: Calculate the compressibility factor for each of the following states and check at which of the given states the substance behaves as an ideal gas. a) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa b) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa c) Water, H2O at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa d) Methane, CH4 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa e) Oxygen, O2 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa :TYPE:S :TITLE:Calculate the compressibility factor for each of the following states and check at which of the given states the substance behaves as an ideal gas. a) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa b) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa c) Water, H2O at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa d) Methane, CH4 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa e) Oxygen, O2 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa :QUESTION:H Calculate the compressibility factor for each of the following states and check at which of the given states the substance behaves as an ideal gas. a) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa b) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa c) Water, H2O at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa d) Methane, CH4 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa e) Oxygen, O2 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:5 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:Ideal gas:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:Not an ideal gas:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Tables of Thermodynamic properties (State-definition problems) # End of question: Calculate the compressibility factor for each of the following states and check at which of the given states the substance behaves as an ideal gas. a) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 100 kPa b) R-134a at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa c) Water, H2O at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa d) Methane, CH4 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa e) Oxygen, O2 at 30 Deg. Centigrade, 3 MPa # Start of question: Water has 240 Deg. Centigrade, 20 MPa flows at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. a) Calculate the mass flow rate in kg/s. b) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 240 Deg. Centigrade were used in the calculation. C) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 20 MPa were used? :TYPE:S :TITLE:Water has 240 Deg. Centigrade, 20 MPa flows at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. a) Calculate the mass flow rate in kg/s. b) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 240 Deg. Centigrade were used in the calculation. C) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 20 MPa were used? :QUESTION:H Water has 240 Deg. Centigrade, 20 MPa flows at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. a) Calculate the mass flow rate in kg/s. b) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 240 Deg. Centigrade were used in the calculation. C) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 20 MPa were used? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:83 kg/s:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:2%:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Tables of Thermodynamic properties (State-definition problems) # End of question: Water has 240 Deg. Centigrade, 20 MPa flows at a rate of 0.1 m3/s. a) Calculate the mass flow rate in kg/s. b) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 240 Deg. Centigrade were used in the calculation. C) Calculate the percent error if the properties of saturated liquid at 20 MPa were used? # Start of question: Air is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in Fig. Prob_4. The air is initially at 250 k Pa, 300 Deg. Centigrade and has a volume of 7.85 liters. The 200-kg piston has a diameter of 0.2 m and initially pushes against the stops. The atmosphere is at 100 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is now cooled as heat is transferred to the ambient. a. Determine the temperature at which the piston begins to move down. b. Calculate the final volume when the temperature reaches ambient. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in Fig. Prob_4. The air is initially at 250 k Pa, 300 Deg. Centigrade and has a volume of 7.85 liters. The 200-kg piston has a diameter of 0.2 m and initially pushes against the stops. The atmosphere is at 100 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is now cooled as heat is transferred to the ambient. a. Determine the temperature at which the piston begins to move down. b. Calculate the final volume when the temperature reaches ambient. :QUESTION:H Air is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in Fig. Prob_4. The air is initially at 250 k Pa, 300 Deg. Centigrade and has a volume of 7.85 liters. The 200-kg piston has a diameter of 0.2 m and initially pushes against the stops. The atmosphere is at 100 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is now cooled as heat is transferred to the ambient. a. Determine the temperature at which the piston begins to move down. b. Calculate the final volume when the temperature reaches ambient. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:372.5 K:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:1.54 L:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Constant property processes) # End of question: Air is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in Fig. Prob_4. The air is initially at 250 k Pa, 300 Deg. Centigrade and has a volume of 7.85 liters. The 200-kg piston has a diameter of 0.2 m and initially pushes against the stops. The atmosphere is at 100 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is now cooled as heat is transferred to the ambient. a. Determine the temperature at which the piston begins to move down. b. Calculate the final volume when the temperature reaches ambient. # Start of question: Consider a tank that is connected to a balloon through a valve. Initially, the air in the tank is at 1 MPa and room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. The balloon is initially empty. The valve is opened until a uniform state is obtained at which point the diameter is 2 m, the pressure is 200 k Pa and the temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume the pressure in the balloon is linearly proportional to its diameter. Calculate: a. The mass of air in the balloon in Kg and, b. The volume of the tank. m3 :TYPE:S :TITLE:Consider a tank that is connected to a balloon through a valve. Initially, the air in the tank is at 1 MPa and room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. The balloon is initially empty. The valve is opened until a uniform state is obtained at which point the diameter is 2 m, the pressure is 200 k Pa and the temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume the pressure in the balloon is linearly proportional to its diameter. Calculate: a. The mass of air in the balloon in Kg and, b. The volume of the tank. m3 :QUESTION:H Consider a tank that is connected to a balloon through a valve. Initially, the air in the tank is at 1 MPa and room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. The balloon is initially empty. The valve is opened until a uniform state is obtained at which point the diameter is 2 m, the pressure is 200 k Pa and the temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume the pressure in the balloon is linearly proportional to its diameter. Calculate: a. The mass of air in the balloon in Kg and, b. The volume of the tank. m3 :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:79.7 :100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:8.38:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Constant property processes) # End of question: Consider a tank that is connected to a balloon through a valve. Initially, the air in the tank is at 1 MPa and room temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. The balloon is initially empty. The valve is opened until a uniform state is obtained at which point the diameter is 2 m, the pressure is 200 k Pa and the temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume the pressure in the balloon is linearly proportional to its diameter. Calculate: a. The mass of air in the balloon in Kg and, b. The volume of the tank. m3 # Start of question: Saturated (liquid ??vapor) R134a at 60 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a rigid steel tank. It undergoes a process, where it should pass through the critical point when the system is heated. Calculate the quality at the initial state. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Saturated (liquid ??vapor) R134a at 60 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a rigid steel tank. It undergoes a process, where it should pass through the critical point when the system is heated. Calculate the quality at the initial state. :QUESTION:H Saturated (liquid ??vapor) R134a at 60 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a rigid steel tank. It undergoes a process, where it should pass through the critical point when the system is heated. Calculate the quality at the initial state. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.015:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Constant property processes) # End of question: Saturated (liquid ??vapor) R134a at 60 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a rigid steel tank. It undergoes a process, where it should pass through the critical point when the system is heated. Calculate the quality at the initial state. # Start of question: A rigid tank contains water at 100 Deg. Centigrade with the liquid volume being 1/10 of the vapor volume. It is heated until the pressure reaches 2.0 MPa. Calculate a) the quality at the initial state, b) the final temperature and c) the percentage of water vapor at the final state. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A rigid tank contains water at 100 Deg. Centigrade with the liquid volume being 1/10 of the vapor volume. It is heated until the pressure reaches 2.0 MPa. Calculate a) the quality at the initial state, b) the final temperature and c) the percentage of water vapor at the final state. :QUESTION:H A rigid tank contains water at 100 Deg. Centigrade with the liquid volume being 1/10 of the vapor volume. It is heated until the pressure reaches 2.0 MPa. Calculate a) the quality at the initial state, b) the final temperature and c) the percentage of water vapor at the final state. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.0062:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:212.4:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Constant property processes) # End of question: A rigid tank contains water at 100 Deg. Centigrade with the liquid volume being 1/10 of the vapor volume. It is heated until the pressure reaches 2.0 MPa. Calculate a) the quality at the initial state, b) the final temperature and c) the percentage of water vapor at the final state. # Start of question: A cylinder is fitted with a piston that is restrained by a linear spring (force proportional to distance) as shown in Fig. Prob_8. The piston has 10-cm-diameter. The spring force constant is 80 kN/m and the piston initially rests on the stops, with a cylinder volume of 1 L. The valve to the air line is opened and the piston begins to rise when the cylinder pressure is 150 kPa. The valve is closed when the cylinder volume is 1.5 L and the temperature is 80 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate the mass of air inside the cylinder at the final state :TYPE:S :TITLE:A cylinder is fitted with a piston that is restrained by a linear spring (force proportional to distance) as shown in Fig. Prob_8. The piston has 10-cm-diameter. The spring force constant is 80 kN/m and the piston initially rests on the stops, with a cylinder volume of 1 L. The valve to the air line is opened and the piston begins to rise when the cylinder pressure is 150 kPa. The valve is closed when the cylinder volume is 1.5 L and the temperature is 80 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate the mass of air inside the cylinder at the final state :QUESTION:H A cylinder is fitted with a piston that is restrained by a linear spring (force proportional to distance) as shown in Fig. Prob_8. The piston has 10-cm-diameter. The spring force constant is 80 kN/m and the piston initially rests on the stops, with a cylinder volume of 1 L. The valve to the air line is opened and the piston begins to rise when the cylinder pressure is 150 kPa. The valve is closed when the cylinder volume is 1.5 L and the temperature is 80 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate the mass of air inside the cylinder at the final state :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.012:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Processes following a spring relation) # End of question: A cylinder is fitted with a piston that is restrained by a linear spring (force proportional to distance) as shown in Fig. Prob_8. The piston has 10-cm-diameter. The spring force constant is 80 kN/m and the piston initially rests on the stops, with a cylinder volume of 1 L. The valve to the air line is opened and the piston begins to rise when the cylinder pressure is 150 kPa. The valve is closed when the cylinder volume is 1.5 L and the temperature is 80 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate the mass of air inside the cylinder at the final state # Start of question: A piston/cylinder arrangement initially contains water at 5 MPa, 400 Deg. Centigrade with the volume of 0.2 m3. The piston is loaded with a linear spring and the outside atmosphere. If the piston is at the bottom, the spring exerts a force such that Plift ??200 kPa. The system now cools until the pressure reaches 1200 kPa. Find the mass of water, the final state (T2 , x2 ) and plot the P–v diagram for the process. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston/cylinder arrangement initially contains water at 5 MPa, 400 Deg. Centigrade with the volume of 0.2 m3. The piston is loaded with a linear spring and the outside atmosphere. If the piston is at the bottom, the spring exerts a force such that Plift ??200 kPa. The system now cools until the pressure reaches 1200 kPa. Find the mass of water, the final state (T2 , x2 ) and plot the P–v diagram for the process. :QUESTION:H A piston/cylinder arrangement initially contains water at 5 MPa, 400 Deg. Centigrade with the volume of 0.2 m3. The piston is loaded with a linear spring and the outside atmosphere. If the piston is at the bottom, the spring exerts a force such that Plift ??200 kPa. The system now cools until the pressure reaches 1200 kPa. Find the mass of water, the final state (T2 , x2 ) and plot the P–v diagram for the process. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:188:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:0.0672:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Processes following a spring relation) # End of question: A piston/cylinder arrangement initially contains water at 5 MPa, 400 Deg. Centigrade with the volume of 0.2 m3. The piston is loaded with a linear spring and the outside atmosphere. If the piston is at the bottom, the spring exerts a force such that Plift ??200 kPa. The system now cools until the pressure reaches 1200 kPa. Find the mass of water, the final state (T2 , x2 ) and plot the P–v diagram for the process. # Start of question: A spring-loaded piston/cylinder contains water at 3 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The setup is such that pressure is proportional to volume, P ??CV. The system is now cooled until the water becomes saturated vapor. Plot the P-v diagram and calculate the final pressure in MPa :TYPE:S :TITLE:A spring-loaded piston/cylinder contains water at 3 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The setup is such that pressure is proportional to volume, P ??CV. The system is now cooled until the water becomes saturated vapor. Plot the P-v diagram and calculate the final pressure in MPa :QUESTION:H A spring-loaded piston/cylinder contains water at 3 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The setup is such that pressure is proportional to volume, P ??CV. The system is now cooled until the water becomes saturated vapor. Plot the P-v diagram and calculate the final pressure in MPa :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:2.27:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Thermodynamic properties (Processes following a spring relation) # End of question: A spring-loaded piston/cylinder contains water at 3 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The setup is such that pressure is proportional to volume, P ??CV. The system is now cooled until the water becomes saturated vapor. Plot the P-v diagram and calculate the final pressure in MPa # Start of question: Air initially at 150 k Pa, 400 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in the figure (prob_11). The setup is allowed to cool to the ambient temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. a. Is the piston resting on the stops in the final state? What is the final pressure in the cylinder? b. What is the specific work done by the air during this process in kJ\kg? :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air initially at 150 k Pa, 400 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in the figure (prob_11). The setup is allowed to cool to the ambient temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. a. Is the piston resting on the stops in the final state? What is the final pressure in the cylinder? b. What is the specific work done by the air during this process in kJ\kg? :QUESTION:H Air initially at 150 k Pa, 400 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in the figure (prob_11). The setup is allowed to cool to the ambient temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. a. Is the piston resting on the stops in the final state? What is the final pressure in the cylinder? b. What is the specific work done by the air during this process in kJ\kg? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:yes:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-96.6:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: Air initially at 150 k Pa, 400 Deg. Centigrade is contained in a piston/cylinder arrangement as shown in the figure (prob_11). The setup is allowed to cool to the ambient temperature of 20 Deg. Centigrade. a. Is the piston resting on the stops in the final state? What is the final pressure in the cylinder? b. What is the specific work done by the air during this process in kJ\kg? # Start of question: A piston/cylinder contains 100 kg of water at 200 k Pa with a volume of 0.1 m3. Stops in the cylinder restrict the enclosed volume to 1.0 m3, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_12. The water is now heated to 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate a. the final pressure in MPa and b. the work done by the water in KJ\Kg. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston/cylinder contains 100 kg of water at 200 k Pa with a volume of 0.1 m3. Stops in the cylinder restrict the enclosed volume to 1.0 m3, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_12. The water is now heated to 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate a. the final pressure in MPa and b. the work done by the water in KJ\Kg. :QUESTION:H A piston/cylinder contains 100 kg of water at 200 k Pa with a volume of 0.1 m3. Stops in the cylinder restrict the enclosed volume to 1.0 m3, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_12. The water is now heated to 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate a. the final pressure in MPa and b. the work done by the water in KJ\Kg. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:1.554:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:160:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: A piston/cylinder contains 100 kg of water at 200 k Pa with a volume of 0.1 m3. Stops in the cylinder restrict the enclosed volume to 1.0 m3, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_12. The water is now heated to 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate a. the final pressure in MPa and b. the work done by the water in KJ\Kg. # Start of question: A piston/cylinder contains 0.5 kg of liquid water at 300 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. Initially the piston floats, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_13. The maximum enclosed volume of 1 L is reached when the piston touches the stops. Heat is added until a final pressure of 600 k Pa is reached. Calculate: a. the final volume in L and b. the work in the process in J. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston/cylinder contains 0.5 kg of liquid water at 300 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. Initially the piston floats, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_13. The maximum enclosed volume of 1 L is reached when the piston touches the stops. Heat is added until a final pressure of 600 k Pa is reached. Calculate: a. the final volume in L and b. the work in the process in J. :QUESTION:H A piston/cylinder contains 0.5 kg of liquid water at 300 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. Initially the piston floats, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_13. The maximum enclosed volume of 1 L is reached when the piston touches the stops. Heat is added until a final pressure of 600 k Pa is reached. Calculate: a. the final volume in L and b. the work in the process in J. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:1:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:150:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: A piston/cylinder contains 0.5 kg of liquid water at 300 k Pa and 20 Deg. Centigrade. Initially the piston floats, similar to the setup in Fig. Prob_13. The maximum enclosed volume of 1 L is reached when the piston touches the stops. Heat is added until a final pressure of 600 k Pa is reached. Calculate: a. the final volume in L and b. the work in the process in J. # Start of question: Consider two processes with an expansion (process 1) from 0.1 to 0.3 m3 at a constant pressure of 150 kPa followed by an expansion (process 2) from 0.3 to 0.7 m3 with a linearly rising pressure from 150 kPa ending at 300 kPa. Show the process in a P-V diagram and find the total work done in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Consider two processes with an expansion (process 1) from 0.1 to 0.3 m3 at a constant pressure of 150 kPa followed by an expansion (process 2) from 0.3 to 0.7 m3 with a linearly rising pressure from 150 kPa ending at 300 kPa. Show the process in a P-V diagram and find the total work done in KJ. :QUESTION:H Consider two processes with an expansion (process 1) from 0.1 to 0.3 m3 at a constant pressure of 150 kPa followed by an expansion (process 2) from 0.3 to 0.7 m3 with a linearly rising pressure from 150 kPa ending at 300 kPa. Show the process in a P-V diagram and find the total work done in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:120:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: Consider two processes with an expansion (process 1) from 0.1 to 0.3 m3 at a constant pressure of 150 kPa followed by an expansion (process 2) from 0.3 to 0.7 m3 with a linearly rising pressure from 150 kPa ending at 300 kPa. Show the process in a P-V diagram and find the total work done in KJ. # Start of question: A piston/cylinder (Fig. Prob_15) contains 2 kg of water at 20 Deg. Centigrade with a volume of 0.2 m3 . Initially the piston rests on some stops with the top surface open to the atmosphere, P o and a mass so a water pressure of 400 kPa will lift it. To what temperature should the water be heated to lift the piston? If it is heated to saturated vapor find the final temperature in degrees centigrade, and the work, 1W2 in KJ :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston/cylinder (Fig. Prob_15) contains 2 kg of water at 20 Deg. Centigrade with a volume of 0.2 m3 . Initially the piston rests on some stops with the top surface open to the atmosphere, P o and a mass so a water pressure of 400 kPa will lift it. To what temperature should the water be heated to lift the piston? If it is heated to saturated vapor find the final temperature in degrees centigrade, and the work, 1W2 in KJ :QUESTION:H A piston/cylinder (Fig. Prob_15) contains 2 kg of water at 20 Deg. Centigrade with a volume of 0.2 m3 . Initially the piston rests on some stops with the top surface open to the atmosphere, P o and a mass so a water pressure of 400 kPa will lift it. To what temperature should the water be heated to lift the piston? If it is heated to saturated vapor find the final temperature in degrees centigrade, and the work, 1W2 in KJ :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:143.6:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:290:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: A piston/cylinder (Fig. Prob_15) contains 2 kg of water at 20 Deg. Centigrade with a volume of 0.2 m3 . Initially the piston rests on some stops with the top surface open to the atmosphere, P o and a mass so a water pressure of 400 kPa will lift it. To what temperature should the water be heated to lift the piston? If it is heated to saturated vapor find the final temperature in degrees centigrade, and the work, 1W2 in KJ # Start of question: A piston-cylinder setup similar to Fig. Prob_16 contains 0.2 kg saturated liquid and vapor water at 100 kPa with quality 25%. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 500 kPa will float it. The water is heated to 300 Deg. Centigrade. Find the final pressure in KPa, and the work during the process in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston-cylinder setup similar to Fig. Prob_16 contains 0.2 kg saturated liquid and vapor water at 100 kPa with quality 25%. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 500 kPa will float it. The water is heated to 300 Deg. Centigrade. Find the final pressure in KPa, and the work during the process in KJ. :QUESTION:H A piston-cylinder setup similar to Fig. Prob_16 contains 0.2 kg saturated liquid and vapor water at 100 kPa with quality 25%. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 500 kPa will float it. The water is heated to 300 Deg. Centigrade. Find the final pressure in KPa, and the work during the process in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:500:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:9.82:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: A piston-cylinder setup similar to Fig. Prob_16 contains 0.2 kg saturated liquid and vapor water at 100 kPa with quality 25%. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 500 kPa will float it. The water is heated to 300 Deg. Centigrade. Find the final pressure in KPa, and the work during the process in KJ. # Start of question: 2 kg of R-134a in a piston/cylinder have an initial state of 1 with 600 kPa, 110 Deg. Centigrade. The piston is then brought to saturated vapor, state 2, by cooling while the piston is locked with a pin. Now the piston is balanced with an additional constant force and the pin is removed. The cooling continues to a state 3 where the R-134a is saturated liquid. Show the processes in a P-V diagram and calculate the work (KJ) in each of the two steps, 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. :TYPE:S :TITLE:2 kg of R-134a in a piston/cylinder have an initial state of 1 with 600 kPa, 110 Deg. Centigrade. The piston is then brought to saturated vapor, state 2, by cooling while the piston is locked with a pin. Now the piston is balanced with an additional constant force and the pin is removed. The cooling continues to a state 3 where the R-134a is saturated liquid. Show the processes in a P-V diagram and calculate the work (KJ) in each of the two steps, 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. :QUESTION:H 2 kg of R-134a in a piston/cylinder have an initial state of 1 with 600 kPa, 110 Deg. Centigrade. The piston is then brought to saturated vapor, state 2, by cooling while the piston is locked with a pin. Now the piston is balanced with an additional constant force and the pin is removed. The cooling continues to a state 3 where the R-134a is saturated liquid. Show the processes in a P-V diagram and calculate the work (KJ) in each of the two steps, 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-40.4:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Constant property processes) # End of question: 2 kg of R-134a in a piston/cylinder have an initial state of 1 with 600 kPa, 110 Deg. Centigrade. The piston is then brought to saturated vapor, state 2, by cooling while the piston is locked with a pin. Now the piston is balanced with an additional constant force and the pin is removed. The cooling continues to a state 3 where the R-134a is saturated liquid. Show the processes in a P-V diagram and calculate the work (KJ) in each of the two steps, 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. # Start of question: A piston cylinder with 2.0 kg of R-134a as saturated vapor at -10 Deg. Centigrade is compressed to a pressure of 500 kPa in a polytropic process with n = 1.5. Calculate the final volume and temperature, and determine the work done during the process in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston cylinder with 2.0 kg of R-134a as saturated vapor at -10 Deg. Centigrade is compressed to a pressure of 500 kPa in a polytropic process with n = 1.5. Calculate the final volume and temperature, and determine the work done during the process in KJ. :QUESTION:H A piston cylinder with 2.0 kg of R-134a as saturated vapor at -10 Deg. Centigrade is compressed to a pressure of 500 kPa in a polytropic process with n = 1.5. Calculate the final volume and temperature, and determine the work done during the process in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-28.3:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (plytropic process) # End of question: A piston cylinder with 2.0 kg of R-134a as saturated vapor at -10 Deg. Centigrade is compressed to a pressure of 500 kPa in a polytropic process with n = 1.5. Calculate the final volume and temperature, and determine the work done during the process in KJ. # Start of question: Air is contained in a spring loaded piston/cylinder. The air has a pressure that is linear with volume, P = C1 + C2 V. With an initial state of P = 150 k Pa, V = 2 L and a final state of 800 kPa and volume 3.0 L it is similar to the setup in Problem Fig. Prob_19. Calculate the work done by the air in J. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air is contained in a spring loaded piston/cylinder. The air has a pressure that is linear with volume, P = C1 + C2 V. With an initial state of P = 150 k Pa, V = 2 L and a final state of 800 kPa and volume 3.0 L it is similar to the setup in Problem Fig. Prob_19. Calculate the work done by the air in J. :QUESTION:H Air is contained in a spring loaded piston/cylinder. The air has a pressure that is linear with volume, P = C1 + C2 V. With an initial state of P = 150 k Pa, V = 2 L and a final state of 800 kPa and volume 3.0 L it is similar to the setup in Problem Fig. Prob_19. Calculate the work done by the air in J. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:475:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Spring relation) # End of question: Air is contained in a spring loaded piston/cylinder. The air has a pressure that is linear with volume, P = C1 + C2 V. With an initial state of P = 150 k Pa, V = 2 L and a final state of 800 kPa and volume 3.0 L it is similar to the setup in Problem Fig. Prob_19. Calculate the work done by the air in J. # Start of question: A spring-loaded piston/cylinder arrangement contains R-134a at 20 Deg. Centigrade, 24% quality with a volume 100 L. The setup is heated and thus expands, moving the piston. It is noted that when the last drop of liquid disappears the temperature is 40 Deg. Centigrade. The heating is stopped when the pressure becomes 1.214 MPa. Calculate the final temperature in degrees centigrade and find the work done in the process in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A spring-loaded piston/cylinder arrangement contains R-134a at 20 Deg. Centigrade, 24% quality with a volume 100 L. The setup is heated and thus expands, moving the piston. It is noted that when the last drop of liquid disappears the temperature is 40 Deg. Centigrade. The heating is stopped when the pressure becomes 1.214 MPa. Calculate the final temperature in degrees centigrade and find the work done in the process in KJ. :QUESTION:H A spring-loaded piston/cylinder arrangement contains R-134a at 20 Deg. Centigrade, 24% quality with a volume 100 L. The setup is heated and thus expands, moving the piston. It is noted that when the last drop of liquid disappears the temperature is 40 Deg. Centigrade. The heating is stopped when the pressure becomes 1.214 MPa. Calculate the final temperature in degrees centigrade and find the work done in the process in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:130:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:149.4:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Spring relation) # End of question: A spring-loaded piston/cylinder arrangement contains R-134a at 20 Deg. Centigrade, 24% quality with a volume 100 L. The setup is heated and thus expands, moving the piston. It is noted that when the last drop of liquid disappears the temperature is 40 Deg. Centigrade. The heating is stopped when the pressure becomes 1.214 MPa. Calculate the final temperature in degrees centigrade and find the work done in the process in KJ. # Start of question: A system undergoes a polytropic process (1-2) where pressure is directly proportional to volume (n = ??1). State 1 has P = 0 and V = 0 and state 2 has P = 600 kPa and V = 0.02 m3 .The physical setup is shown in the figure Prob-21. Calculate the work done by the system in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A system undergoes a polytropic process (1-2) where pressure is directly proportional to volume (n = ??1). State 1 has P = 0 and V = 0 and state 2 has P = 600 kPa and V = 0.02 m3 .The physical setup is shown in the figure Prob-21. Calculate the work done by the system in KJ. :QUESTION:H A system undergoes a polytropic process (1-2) where pressure is directly proportional to volume (n = ??1). State 1 has P = 0 and V = 0 and state 2 has P = 600 kPa and V = 0.02 m3 .The physical setup is shown in the figure Prob-21. Calculate the work done by the system in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:6:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (Spring relation) # End of question: A system undergoes a polytropic process (1-2) where pressure is directly proportional to volume (n = ??1). State 1 has P = 0 and V = 0 and state 2 has P = 600 kPa and V = 0.02 m3 .The physical setup is shown in the figure Prob-21. Calculate the work done by the system in KJ. # Start of question: A piston and cylinder arrangement contains a gas initially at 2 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The gas has an initial volume of 0.4 m3. The gas is then slowly expanded according to the relation PV ??constant until a final pressure of 200 kPa is reached. Determine the work for this process in KJ. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston and cylinder arrangement contains a gas initially at 2 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The gas has an initial volume of 0.4 m3. The gas is then slowly expanded according to the relation PV ??constant until a final pressure of 200 kPa is reached. Determine the work for this process in KJ. :QUESTION:H A piston and cylinder arrangement contains a gas initially at 2 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The gas has an initial volume of 0.4 m3. The gas is then slowly expanded according to the relation PV ??constant until a final pressure of 200 kPa is reached. Determine the work for this process in KJ. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:921:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Work (pv=constant) # End of question: A piston and cylinder arrangement contains a gas initially at 2 MPa, 500 Deg. Centigrade. The gas has an initial volume of 0.4 m3. The gas is then slowly expanded according to the relation PV ??constant until a final pressure of 200 kPa is reached. Determine the work for this process in KJ. # Start of question: A heat pump is used to maintain a heated space at 22 Deg. Centigrade. Heat transfer is to the heat pump from outdoor air on a day when the air temperature is 0 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the maximum coefficient of performance that the heat pump can achieve under these circumstances. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A heat pump is used to maintain a heated space at 22 Deg. Centigrade. Heat transfer is to the heat pump from outdoor air on a day when the air temperature is 0 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the maximum coefficient of performance that the heat pump can achieve under these circumstances. :QUESTION:H A heat pump is used to maintain a heated space at 22 Deg. Centigrade. Heat transfer is to the heat pump from outdoor air on a day when the air temperature is 0 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the maximum coefficient of performance that the heat pump can achieve under these circumstances. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:1 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:13.41:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2::100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A heat pump is used to maintain a heated space at 22 Deg. Centigrade. Heat transfer is to the heat pump from outdoor air on a day when the air temperature is 0 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the maximum coefficient of performance that the heat pump can achieve under these circumstances. # Start of question: Air enters a steady –flow air compressor at 27 Deg. Centigrade, 1 atm pressure. The air follows a reversible adiabatic process in the compressor and leaves at 2 MPa. The mass flow rate of the air through the compressor is 2.5 kg/s. Neglecting changes in kinetic energy, calculate a.The power required by the compressor and (KW) b.The temperature of the air as it leaves the compressor.(K) :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air enters a steady –flow air compressor at 27 Deg. Centigrade, 1 atm pressure. The air follows a reversible adiabatic process in the compressor and leaves at 2 MPa. The mass flow rate of the air through the compressor is 2.5 kg/s. Neglecting changes in kinetic energy, calculate a.The power required by the compressor and (KW) b.The temperature of the air as it leaves the compressor.( K) :QUESTION:H Air enters a steady –flow air compressor at 27 Deg. Centigrade, 1 atm pressure. The air follows a reversible adiabatic process in the compressor and leaves at 2 MPa. The mass flow rate of the air through the compressor is 2.5 kg/s. Neglecting changes in kinetic energy, calculate a.The power required by the compressor and (KW) b.The temperature of the air as it leaves the compressor.(K) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:2 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-1009:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:691:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: Air enters a steady –flow air compressor at 27 Deg. Centigrade, 1 atm pressure. The air follows a reversible adiabatic process in the compressor and leaves at 2 MPa. The mass flow rate of the air through the compressor is 2.5 kg/s. Neglecting changes in kinetic energy, calculate a.The power required by the compressor and (KW) b.The temperature of the air as it leaves the compressor.(K) # Start of question: 3 kg of Argon is compressed from 3 bar to 9 bar in a constant temperature process at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine: a) change in total internal energy b) work done by Argon in the process (kJ) c) entropy change of the system (kJ/K) d) heat transfer (kJ) e) entropy change of the surround (assume the surrounding at a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade), and f)net entropy change (KJ/K) :TYPE:S :TITLE:3 kg of Argon is compressed from 3 bar to 9 bar in a constant temperature process at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine: a) change in total internal energy b) work done by Argon in the process (kJ) c) entropy change of the system (kJ/K) d) heat transfer (kJ) e) entropy change of the surround (assume the surrounding at a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade), and f)net entropy change (KJ/K) :QUESTION:H 3 kg of Argon is compressed from 3 bar to 9 bar in a constant temperature process at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine: a) change in total internal energy b) work done by Argon in the process (kJ) c) entropy change of the system (kJ/K) d) heat transfer (kJ) e) entropy change of the surround (assume the surrounding at a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade), and f)net entropy change (KJ/K) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:5 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-204.42:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: 3 kg of Argon is compressed from 3 bar to 9 bar in a constant temperature process at 25 Deg. Centigrade. Determine: a) change in total internal energy b) work done by Argon in the process (kJ) c) entropy change of the system (kJ/K) d) heat transfer (kJ) e) entropy change of the surround (assume the surrounding at a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade), and f)net entropy change (KJ/K) # Start of question: A solar collection panel (figure below) 20m2 in area receives solar energy at a rate of 750 Wm-2. It is estimated that 35% of this energy is lost to the surroundings. Water enters the panel at steady flow rate of 0.05 kg/s and at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade Calculate a) The temperature of the water leaving the solar collector panel and (Deg. Centigrade) b) The net entropy change assuming no friction losses. (KJ/K) c) Does this process violate the second law of thermodynamics? The surroundings are at a constant temperature of 25 Deg. Centigrade. :TYPE:S :TITLE:A solar collection panel (figure below) 20m2 in area receives solar energy at a rate of 750 Wm-2. It is estimated that 35% of this energy is lost to the surroundings. Water enters the panel at steady flow rate of 0.05 kg/s and at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate a) The temperature of the water leaving the solar collector panel and (Deg. Centigrade) b) The net entropy change assuming no friction losses. (KJ/K) c) Does this process violate the second law of thermodynamics? The surroundings are at a constant temperature of 25 Deg. Centigrade. :QUESTION:H A solar collection panel (figure below) 20m2 in area receives solar energy at a rate of 750 Wm-2. It is estimated that 35% of this energy is lost to the surroundings. Water enters the panel at steady flow rate of 0.05 kg/s and at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade Calculate a) The temperature of the water leaving the solar collector panel and (Deg. Centigrade) b) The net entropy change assuming no friction losses. (KJ/K) c) Does this process violate the second law of thermodynamics? The surroundings are at a constant temperature of 25 Deg. Centigrade. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:61.63:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-0.001448:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A solar collection panel (figure below) 20m2 in area receives solar energy at a rate of 750 Wm-2. It is estimated that 35% of this energy is lost to the surroundings. Water enters the panel at steady flow rate of 0.05 kg/s and at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15 Deg. Centigrade Calculate a) The temperature of the water leaving the solar collector panel and (Deg. Centigrade) b) The net entropy change assuming no friction losses. (KJ/K) c) Does this process violate the second law of thermodynamics? The surroundings are at a constant temperature of 25 Deg. Centigrade. # Start of question: It is desired to compress air from ambient condition, 100 kPa and 25 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 800 kPa in a reversible steady state, steady flow polytropic process. Calculate the work of compression (KJ/kg), the associated heat transfer (KJ/kg), and the entropy change of the air (KJ/kg.K), all per kilogram. Show the process on P-v and T-s diagram. :TYPE:S :TITLE:It is desired to compress air from ambient condition, 100 kPa and 25 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 800 kPa in a reversible steady state, steady flow polytropic process. Calculate the work of compression (KJ/kg), the associated heat transfer (KJ/kg), and the entropy change of the air (KJ/kg.K), all per kilogram. Show the process on P-v and T-s diagram. :QUESTION:H It is desired to compress air from ambient condition, 100 kPa and 25 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 800 kPa in a reversible steady state, steady flow polytropic process. Calculate the work of compression (KJ/kg), the associated heat transfer (KJ/kg), and the entropy change of the air (KJ/kg.K), all per kilogram. Show the process on P-v and T-s diagram. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-220.6:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:65.8:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: It is desired to compress air from ambient condition, 100 kPa and 25 Deg. Centigrade, to a pressure of 800 kPa in a reversible steady state, steady flow polytropic process. Calculate the work of compression (KJ/kg), the associated heat transfer (KJ/kg), and the entropy change of the air (KJ/kg.K), all per kilogram. Show the process on P-v and T-s diagram. # Start of question: A 2 m3 rigid tank initially contains air at 100 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The tank is connected to a supply line through a valve. Air is flowing in the supply line at 600 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened, and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the line pressure at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the tank indicates that the air temperature at the final state is 77 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) the mass of air that has entered the tank; (kg) b) the amount of heat transfer; and (KJ) c) the net entropy change (Deg. Centigrade) :TYPE:S :TITLE:A 2 m3 rigid tank initially contains air at 100 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The tank is connected to a supply line through a valve. Air is flowing in the supply line at 600 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened, and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the line pressure at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the tank indicates that the air temperature at the final state is 77 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) the mass of air that has entered the tank; (kg) b) the amount of heat transfer; and (KJ) c) the net entropy change (Deg. Centigrade) :QUESTION:H A 2 m3 rigid tank initially contains air at 100 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The tank is connected to a supply line through a valve. Air is flowing in the supply line at 600 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened, and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the line pressure at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the tank indicates that the air temperature at the final state is 77 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) the mass of air that has entered the tank; (kg) b) the amount of heat transfer; and (KJ) c) the net entropy change (Deg. Centigrade) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:9.584:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-338.873:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A 2 m3 rigid tank initially contains air at 100 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The tank is connected to a supply line through a valve. Air is flowing in the supply line at 600 kPa and 22 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened, and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the line pressure at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the tank indicates that the air temperature at the final state is 77 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) the mass of air that has entered the tank; (kg) b) the amount of heat transfer; and (KJ) c) the net entropy change (Deg. Centigrade) # Start of question: A steam power plant with a steam flow of 25 kg/s operates under the condition given in the figure below. Due to insufficient insulation there is a heat transfer of from the turbine to the surroundings. The following data are given for the different positions (see figure): P1=6 MPa P2=15 kPa P3=10 kPa P4=6.1 MPa V1=50 m/s T1=550 Deg. Centigrade V2=200 m/s x2=0.9 V3=5 m/s T3=40 Deg. Centigrade V4=5 m/s Power to the pump = 300 kW Determine: a) The power output from the turbine, (MW) b) The heat transfer from the steam in the condenser, (MW) c) The heat transfer in the boiler, (MW) d) The Carnot efficiency of the cycle, e) The actual efficiency, and :TYPE:S :TITLE:A steam power plant with a steam flow of 25 kg/s operates under the condition given in the figure below. Due to insufficient insulation there is a heat transfer of from the turbine to the surroundings. The following data are given for the different positions (see figure): P1=6 MPa P2=15 kPa P3=10 kPa P4=6.1 MPa V1=50 m/s T1=550 Deg. Centigrade V2=200 m/s x2=0.9 V3=5 m/s T3=40 Deg. Centigrade V4=5 m/s Power to the pump = 300 kW Determine: a) The power output from the turbine, (MW) b) The heat transfer from the steam in the condenser, (MW) c) The heat transfer in the boiler, (MW) d) The Carnot efficiency of the cycle, e) The actual efficiency, and :QUESTION:H A steam power plant with a steam flow of 25 kg/s operates under the condition given in the figure below. Due to insufficient insulation there is a heat transfer of from the turbine to the surroundings. The following data are given for the different positions (see figure): P1=6 MPa P2=15 kPa P3=10 kPa P4=6.1 MPa V1=50 m/s T1=550 Deg. Centigrade V2=200 m/s x2=0.9 V3=5 m/s T3=40 Deg. Centigrade V4=5 m/s Power to the pump = 300 kW Determine: a) The power output from the turbine, (MW) b) The heat transfer from the steam in the condenser, (MW) c) The heat transfer in the boiler, (MW) d) The Carnot efficiency of the cycle, e) The actual efficiency, and :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:28.203 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-55.354:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:84.057:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A steam power plant with a steam flow of 25 kg/s operates under the condition given in the figure below. Due to insufficient insulation there is a heat transfer of from the turbine to the surroundings. The following data are given for the different positions (see figure): P1=6 MPa P2=15 kPa P3=10 kPa P4=6.1 MPa V1=50 m/s T1=550 Deg. Centigrade V2=200 m/s x2=0.9 V3=5 m/s T3=40 Deg. Centigrade V4=5 m/s Power to the pump = 300 kW Determine: a) The power output from the turbine, (MW) b) The heat transfer from the steam in the condenser, (MW) c) The heat transfer in the boiler, (MW) d) The Carnot efficiency of the cycle, e) The actual efficiency, and # Start of question: Suppose that 20 cm3 of air at 30 Deg. Centigrade and 130 kPa is compressed in a closed system without friction until the volume is one-tenth of the initial value. During the compression process that air follows the path . Calculate: a) The entropy change(J/K) b) The heat transfer( J) c) The enthalpy change (J) :TYPE:S :TITLE:Suppose that 20 cm3 of air at 30 Deg. Centigrade and 130 kPa is compressed in a closed system without friction until the volume is one-tenth of the initial value. During the compression process that air follows the path . Calculate: a) The entropy change(J/K) b) The heat transfer( J) c) The enthalpy change (J) :QUESTION:H Suppose that 20 cm3 of air at 30 Deg. Centigrade and 130 kPa is compressed in a closed system without friction until the volume is one-tenth of the initial value. During the compression process that air follows the path . Calculate: a) The entropy change(J/K) b) The heat transfer( J) c) The enthalpy change (J) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.01:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-3.76:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: Suppose that 20 cm3 of air at 30 Deg. Centigrade and 130 kPa is compressed in a closed system without friction until the volume is one-tenth of the initial value. During the compression process that air follows the path . Calculate: a) The entropy change(J/K) b) The heat transfer( J) c) The enthalpy change (J) # Start of question: The mass rate of flow into a steady-flow steam turbine is 1.5 kg/s, and the heat transfer rate from the turbine to the environment is 9 kW. Steam enters the turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade and 2 MPa, with a velocity of 60 m/s at 5 m above a reference plane. Saturated vapor leaves the turbine 3 m above the reference plane at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. The ambient temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the following: a) The power output of the turbine in kW (KW) b) The rate of change of total entropy in kW/K (KW/K) c) The reversible work. :TYPE:S :TITLE:The mass rate of flow into a steady-flow steam turbine is 1.5 kg/s, and the heat transfer rate from the turbine to the environment is 9 kW. Steam enters the turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade and 2 MPa, with a velocity of 60 m/s at 5 m above a reference plane. Saturated vapor leaves the turbine 3 m above the reference plane at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. The ambient temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the following: a) The power output of the turbine in kW (KW) b) The rate of change of total entropy in kW/K (KW/K) c) The reversible work. :QUESTION:H The mass rate of flow into a steady-flow steam turbine is 1.5 kg/s, and the heat transfer rate from the turbine to the environment is 9 kW. Steam enters the turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade and 2 MPa, with a velocity of 60 m/s at 5 m above a reference plane. Saturated vapor leaves the turbine 3 m above the reference plane at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. The ambient temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the following: a) The power output of the turbine in kW (KW) b) The rate of change of total entropy in kW/K (KW/K) c) The reversible work. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:6.95:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:0.582:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: The mass rate of flow into a steady-flow steam turbine is 1.5 kg/s, and the heat transfer rate from the turbine to the environment is 9 kW. Steam enters the turbine at 360 Deg. Centigrade and 2 MPa, with a velocity of 60 m/s at 5 m above a reference plane. Saturated vapor leaves the turbine 3 m above the reference plane at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. The ambient temperature is 20 Deg. Centigrade. Determine the following: a) The power output of the turbine in kW (KW) b) The rate of change of total entropy in kW/K (KW/K) c) The reversible work. # Start of question: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston initially contains 0.4 kg of steam at 200kPa and 200 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is connected to a steam line containing steam at 300 Deg. Centigrade and 600 kPa with a short pipe fitted with a valve. The valve is opened and 0.8 kg of steam enters the cylinder. At this time, the temperature of the steam in the cylinder is 250 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is then closed. Assume that the tank has negligible heat capacity and that the pressure in the cylinder remains constant. The environment surrounding the cylinder is at 203 K and 101.3 kPa. Determine the following: a) The work in kJ done on th e piston. (KJ) b) The heat transfer to the system in kJ (KJ) c) The total change in entropy in kJ/K during the process. (KJ/K) d) The irreversibility for the process. (KJ) :TYPE:S :TITLE:A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston initially contains 0.4 kg of steam at 200kPa and 200 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is connected to a steam line containing steam at 300 Deg. Centigrade and 600 kPa with a short pipe fitted with a valve. The valve is opened and 0.8 kg of steam enters the cylinder. At this time, the temperature of the steam in the cylinder is 250 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is then closed. Assume that the tank has negligible heat capacity and that the pressure in the cylinder remains constant. The environment surrounding the cylinder is at 203 K and 101.3 kPa. Determine the following: a) The work in kJ done on th e piston. (KJ) b) The heat transfer to the system in kJ (KJ) c) The total change in entropy in kJ/K during the process. (KJ/K) d) The irreversibility for the process. (KJ) :QUESTION:H A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston initially contains 0.4 kg of steam at 200kPa and 200 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is connected to a steam line containing steam at 300 Deg. Centigrade and 600 kPa with a short pipe fitted with a valve. The valve is opened and 0.8 kg of steam enters the cylinder. At this time, the temperature of the steam in the cylinder is 250 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is then closed. Assume that the tank has negligible heat capacity and that the pressure in the cylinder remains constant. The environment surrounding the cylinder is at 203 K and 101.3 kPa. Determine the following: a) The work in kJ done on th e piston. (KJ) b) The heat transfer to the system in kJ (KJ) c) The total change in entropy in kJ/K during the process. (KJ/K) d) The irreversibility for the process. (KJ) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:201.4:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:-322:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston initially contains 0.4 kg of steam at 200kPa and 200 Deg. Centigrade. The cylinder is connected to a steam line containing steam at 300 Deg. Centigrade and 600 kPa with a short pipe fitted with a valve. The valve is opened and 0.8 kg of steam enters the cylinder. At this time, the temperature of the steam in the cylinder is 250 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is then closed. Assume that the tank has negligible heat capacity and that the pressure in the cylinder remains constant. The environment surrounding the cylinder is at 203 K and 101.3 kPa. Determine the following: a) The work in kJ done on th e piston. (KJ) b) The heat transfer to the system in kJ (KJ) c) The total change in entropy in kJ/K during the process. (KJ/K) d) The irreversibility for the process. (KJ) # Start of question: Three kg of air in a closed system proceeds along an internally reversible, isothermal path from 50 Deg. Centigrade and 1.7 MPa to 700 kPa. Assume that air has constant specific heats. For this process calculate the following quantities of the air: a) the entropy change, (kJ/K) b) the heat transfer, (kW) c) the work, and (kW) d) the enthalpy change. :TYPE:S :TITLE:Three kg of air in a closed system proceeds along an internally reversible, isothermal path from 50 Deg. Centigrade and 1.7 MPa to 700 kPa. Assume that air has constant specific heats. For this process calculate the following quantities of the air: a) the entropy change, (kJ/K) b) the heat transfer, (kW) c) the work, and (kW) d) the enthalpy change. :QUESTION:H Three kg of air in a closed system proceeds along an internally reversible, isothermal path from 50 Deg. Centigrade and 1.7 MPa to 700 kPa. Assume that air has constant specific heats. For this process calculate the following quantities of the air: a) the entropy change, (kJ/K) b) the heat transfer, (kW) c) the work, and (kW) d) the enthalpy change. :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.764:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:247:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: Three kg of air in a closed system proceeds along an internally reversible, isothermal path from 50 Deg. Centigrade and 1.7 MPa to 700 kPa. Assume that air has constant specific heats. For this process calculate the following quantities of the air: a) the entropy change, (kJ/K) b) the heat transfer, (kW) c) the work, and (kW) d) the enthalpy change. # Start of question: Oxygen at 300 kPa, 100 Deg. Centigrade is in a piston/cylinder arrangement with a volume of 0.1 m3. It is now compressed in a polytropic process with exponent , n=1.2, to a final temperature of 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate: a) The work done (-kJ) b) The heat transferkJ) c) The net entropy change :TYPE:S :TITLE:Oxygen at 300 kPa, 100 Deg. Centigrade is in a piston/cylinder arrangement with a volume of 0.1 m3. It is now compressed in a polytropic process with exponent , n=1.2, to a final temperature of 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate: a) The work done (-kJ) b) The heat transferkJ) c) The net entropy change :QUESTION:H Oxygen at 300 kPa, 100 Deg. Centigrade is in a piston/cylinder arrangement with a volume of 0.1 m3. It is now compressed in a polytropic process with exponent , n=1.2, to a final temperature of 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate: a) The work done (-kJ) b) The heat transferkJ) c) The net entropy change :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:3 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:40.196:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:(-19.72:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: Oxygen at 300 kPa, 100 Deg. Centigrade is in a piston/cylinder arrangement with a volume of 0.1 m3. It is now compressed in a polytropic process with exponent , n=1.2, to a final temperature of 200 Deg. Centigrade. Calculate: a) The work done (-kJ) b) The heat transferkJ) c) The net entropy change # Start of question: An adiabatic compressor is used to bring saturated water vapor at 1 MPa up to 17.5 MPa, where the actual exit temperature is 650 Deg. Centigrade. Find the isentropic compressor efficiency and the entropy generation. a) The compressor actual work (kJ/kg) b) The compressor isentropic work (kJ/kg) c) The compressor isentropic efficiency d) The entropy generation (kJ/kg. K) :TYPE:S :TITLE:An adiabatic compressor is used to bring saturated water vapor at 1 MPa up to 17.5 MPa, where the actual exit temperature is 650 Deg. Centigrade. Find the isentropic compressor efficiency and the entropy generation. a) The compressor actual work (kJ/kg) b) The compressor isentropic work (kJ/kg) c) The compressor isentropic efficiency d) The entropy generation (kJ/kg. K) :QUESTION:H An adiabatic compressor is used to bring saturated water vapor at 1 MPa up to 17.5 MPa, where the actual exit temperature is 650 Deg. Centigrade. Find the isentropic compressor efficiency and the entropy generation. a) The compressor actual work (kJ/kg) b) The compressor isentropic work (kJ/kg) c) The compressor isentropic efficiency d) The entropy generation (kJ/kg. K) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:915.8:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:782:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: An adiabatic compressor is used to bring saturated water vapor at 1 MPa up to 17.5 MPa, where the actual exit temperature is 650 Deg. Centigrade. Find the isentropic compressor efficiency and the entropy generation. a) The compressor actual work (kJ/kg) b) The compressor isentropic work (kJ/kg) c) The compressor isentropic efficiency d) The entropy generation (kJ/kg. K) # Start of question: A cylinder with a piston restrained by an external force contains R-134a at 8 Deg. Centigrade, 90 quality with a volume of 100 L. The cylinder is attached to a line flowing R – 12 at 1.6 MPa 150 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened and mass flows into the cylinder untiit reaches a pressure of 1.6 MPa, at which point the temperature is 100 Deg. Centigrade. It is claimed that during the process the R – 134a does 150 kJ of work against the external force and any heat transfer takes place with the ambient at 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume that the R – 12 has followed a linear process. Determine. a) The heat transfer during the process (kJ) b) The entropy change during the process (kJ/K) c) The net entropy change (kJ/K) d) Whether the process violates the second law or not :TYPE:S :TITLE:A cylinder with a piston restrained by an external force contains R-134a at 8 Deg. Centigrade, 90 quality with a volume of 100 L. The cylinder is attached to a line flowing R – 12 at 1.6 MPa 150 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened and mass flows into the cylinder untiit reaches a pressure of 1.6 MPa, at which point the temperature is 100 Deg. Centigrade. It is claimed that during the process the R – 134a does 150 kJ of work against the external force and any heat transfer takes place with the ambient at 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume that the R – 12 has followed a linear process. Determine. a) The heat transfer during the process (kJ) b) The entropy change during the process (kJ/K) c) The net entropy change (kJ/K) d) Whether the process violates the second law or not :QUESTION:H A cylinder with a piston restrained by an external force contains R-134a at 8 Deg. Centigrade, 90 quality with a volume of 100 L. The cylinder is attached to a line flowing R – 12 at 1.6 MPa 150 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened and mass flows into the cylinder untiit reaches a pressure of 1.6 MPa, at which point the temperature is 100 Deg. Centigrade. It is claimed that during the process the R – 134a does 150 kJ of work against the external force and any heat transfer takes place with the ambient at 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume that the R – 12 has followed a linear process. Determine. a) The heat transfer during the process (kJ) b) The entropy change during the process (kJ/K) c) The net entropy change (kJ/K) d) Whether the process violates the second law or not :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:-786.5:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:14.55:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A cylinder with a piston restrained by an external force contains R-134a at 8 Deg. Centigrade, 90 quality with a volume of 100 L. The cylinder is attached to a line flowing R – 12 at 1.6 MPa 150 Deg. Centigrade. The valve is opened and mass flows into the cylinder untiit reaches a pressure of 1.6 MPa, at which point the temperature is 100 Deg. Centigrade. It is claimed that during the process the R – 134a does 150 kJ of work against the external force and any heat transfer takes place with the ambient at 20 Deg. Centigrade. Assume that the R – 12 has followed a linear process. Determine. a) The heat transfer during the process (kJ) b) The entropy change during the process (kJ/K) c) The net entropy change (kJ/K) d) Whether the process violates the second law or not # Start of question: A closed, rigid vessel having a volume of 0.8 m3 contains 25 kg of R – 134a initially at 40 Deg. Centigrade. The vessel is placed outside where the air temperature is 10 Deg. Centigrade, and after some period of time the temperature of the R – 134a is found to be 16 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) The heat transfer required for the process (-kJ) b) The entropy change of the R – 134a (kJ/K) c) The entropy change of the outdoor air. (kJ/K) d) Is this process totally reversible, irreversible, or impossible? :TYPE:S :TITLE:A closed, rigid vessel having a volume of 0.8 m3 contains 25 kg of R – 134a initially at 40 Deg. Centigrade. The vessel is placed outside where the air temperature is 10 Deg. Centigrade, and after some period of time the temperature of the R – 134a is found to be 16 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) The heat transfer required for the process (-kJ) b) The entropy change of the R – 134a (kJ/K) c) The entropy change of the outdoor air. (kJ/K) d) Is this process totally reversible, irreversible, or impossible? :QUESTION:H A closed, rigid vessel having a volume of 0.8 m3 contains 25 kg of R – 134a initially at 40 Deg. Centigrade. The vessel is placed outside where the air temperature is 10 Deg. Centigrade, and after some period of time the temperature of the R – 134a is found to be 16 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) The heat transfer required for the process (-kJ) b) The entropy change of the R – 134a (kJ/K) c) The entropy change of the outdoor air. (kJ/K) d) Is this process totally reversible, irreversible, or impossible? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:1533:100:0:15:0 :ANSWER2:-5.255:100:0:15:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A closed, rigid vessel having a volume of 0.8 m3 contains 25 kg of R – 134a initially at 40 Deg. Centigrade. The vessel is placed outside where the air temperature is 10 Deg. Centigrade, and after some period of time the temperature of the R – 134a is found to be 16 Deg. Centigrade. Determine a) The heat transfer required for the process (-kJ) b) The entropy change of the R – 134a (kJ/K) c) The entropy change of the outdoor air. (kJ/K) d) Is this process totally reversible, irreversible, or impossible? # Start of question: A Carnot cycle heat engine uses 1 kg of air as the working fluid in a piston cylinder with TH=300 Deg. Centigrade and TL=100 Deg. Centigrade. The pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat addition process, P1=1 MPa and the pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat rejection process, P3=0.1 MPa. Assume air as an ideal gas with constant CPO and CVO Show the cycle on the T-s diagram; properly indicate state 1, 2, 3 and 4. Also calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Calculate the pressure at the end of the heat addition process, P2 (kPa) and at the end of the heat rejection process, P4 in MPa. Calculate the entropy change related with the heat addition QH and related with the heat rejection QL in kJ/K. Calculate QH, QL and Wnet in kJ. Calculate work for the piston /cylinder during each of the 4 processes, W12, W23, W34 and W41 (kJ). :TYPE:S :TITLE:A Carnot cycle heat engine uses 1 kg of air as the working fluid in a piston cylinder with TH=300 Deg. Centigrade and TL=100 Deg. Centigrade. The pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat addition process, P1=1 MPa and the pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat rejection process, P3=0.1 MPa. Assume air as an ideal gas with constant CPO and CVO Show the cycle on the T-s diagram; properly indicate state 1, 2, 3 and 4. Also calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Calculate the pressure at the end of the heat addition process, P2 (kPa) and at the end of the heat rejection process, P4 in MPa. Calculate the entropy change related with the heat addition QH and related with the heat rejection QL in kJ/kg K. Calculate QH, QL and Wnet in kJ. Calculate work for the piston /cylinder during each of the 4 processes, W12, W23, W34 and W41 (kJ). :QUESTION:H A Carnot cycle heat engine uses 1 kg of air as the working fluid in a piston cylinder with TH=300 Deg. Centigrade and TL=100 Deg. Centigrade. The pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat addition process, P1=1 MPa and the pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat rejection process, P3=0.1 MPa. Assume air as an ideal gas with constant CPO and CVO Show the cycle on the T-s diagram; properly indicate state 1, 2, 3 and 4. Also calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Calculate the pressure at the end of the heat addition process, P2 (kPa) and at the end of the heat rejection process, P4 in MPa. Calculate the entropy change related with the heat addition QH and related with the heat rejection QL in kJ/K. Calculate QH, QL and Wnet in kJ. Calculate work for the piston /cylinder during each of the 4 processes, W12, W23, W34 and W41 (kJ). :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:5 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:0.349:100:0:15:0 :ANSWER2:0.45,0.222:100:0:15:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A Carnot cycle heat engine uses 1 kg of air as the working fluid in a piston cylinder with TH=300 Deg. Centigrade and TL=100 Deg. Centigrade. The pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat addition process, P1=1 MPa and the pressure at the beginning of the isothermal heat rejection process, P3=0.1 MPa. Assume air as an ideal gas with constant CPO and CVO Show the cycle on the T-s diagram; properly indicate state 1, 2, 3 and 4. Also calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Calculate the pressure at the end of the heat addition process, P2 (kPa) and at the end of the heat rejection process, P4 in MPa. Calculate the entropy change related with the heat addition QH and related with the heat rejection QL in kJ/K. Calculate QH, QL and Wnet in kJ. Calculate work for the piston /cylinder during each of the 4 processes, W12, W23, W34 and W41 (kJ). # Start of question: A piston – cylinder device, whose piston is resting on a set of stops initially, contains 3 kg of air at 200 kPa and 27 Deg. Centigrade. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 400 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now transferred to the air until its volume doubles. Determine: The work done by the air. (kJ) The total heat transferred to the air during the process. ( kJ) The entropy change of the surrounding at temperature 17 Deg Centigrade (kJ/K) Is this process possible? :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston – cylinder device, whose piston is resting on a set of stops initially, contains 3 kg of air at 200 kPa and 27 Deg. Centigrade. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 400 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now transferred to the air until its volume doubles. Determine: The work done by the air. (kJ) The total heat transferred to the air during the process. (kJ) The entropy change of the surrounding at temperature 17 Deg Centigrade (kJ/K) Is this process possible? :QUESTION:H A piston – cylinder device, whose piston is resting on a set of stops initially, contains 3 kg of air at 200 kPa and 27 Deg. Centigrade. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 400 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now transferred to the air until its volume doubles. Determine: The work done by the air. (kJ) The total heat transferred to the air during the process. ( kJ) The entropy change of the surrounding at temperature 17 Deg Centigrade (kJ/K) Is this process possible? :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:516.6:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:2674.38:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A piston – cylinder device, whose piston is resting on a set of stops initially, contains 3 kg of air at 200 kPa and 27 Deg. Centigrade. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 400 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now transferred to the air until its volume doubles. Determine: The work done by the air. (kJ) The total heat transferred to the air during the process. ( kJ) The entropy change of the surrounding at temperature 17 Deg Centigrade (kJ/K) Is this process possible? # Start of question: A piston – cylinder device initially contains steam at 200 kPa, 200 Deg. Centigrade and 0.5 m3. At this state, a liner spring is touching the piston but exerts no force on it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam, causing the pressure and volume to rise to 500 kPa and 0.6 m3, respectively. Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines and determine: The final temperature. (Deg. Centigrade) The work done by the steam. ( kJ) The total heat transferred. (kJ) The entropy generated at 27 Deg. centigrade (kJ/K) :TYPE:S :TITLE:A piston – cylinder device initially contains steam at 200 kPa, 200 Deg. Centigrade and 0.5 m3. At this state, a liner spring is touching the piston but exerts no force on it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam, causing the pressure and volume to rise to 500 kPa and 0.6 m3, respectively. Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines and determine: The final temperature. (Deg. Centigrade) The work done by the steam. (kJ) The total heat transferred. (kJ) The entropy generated at 27 Deg. centigrade (kJ/K) :QUESTION:H A piston – cylinder device initially contains steam at 200 kPa, 200 Deg. Centigrade and 0.5 m3. At this state, a liner spring is touching the piston but exerts no force on it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam, causing the pressure and volume to rise to 500 kPa and 0.6 m3, respectively. Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines and determine: The final temperature. (Deg. Centigrade) The work done by the steam. ( kJ) The total heat transferred. (kJ) The entropy generated at 27 Deg. centigrade (kJ/K) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:1131:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:35:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: A piston – cylinder device initially contains steam at 200 kPa, 200 Deg. Centigrade and 0.5 m3. At this state, a liner spring is touching the piston but exerts no force on it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam, causing the pressure and volume to rise to 500 kPa and 0.6 m3, respectively. Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines and determine: The final temperature. (Deg. Centigrade) The work done by the steam. ( kJ) The total heat transferred. (kJ) The entropy generated at 27 Deg. centigrade (kJ/K) # Start of question: Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa, 17 Deg. Centigrade at a rate of 2.4 m3/s, and leaves at 257 Deg. Centigrade. If the compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 84 percent, plot the h-s diagram of the actual and isentropic processes, and determine the following: The actual work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The isentropic work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The exit pressure of air, P2 (kPa ) The mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor. (kg/s) :TYPE:S :TITLE:Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa, 17 Deg. Centigrade at a rate of 2.4 m3/s, and leaves at 257 Deg. Centigrade. If the compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 84 percent, plot the h-s diagram of the actual and isentropic processes, and determine the following: The actual work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The isentropic work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The exit pressure of air, P2 (kPa ) The mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor. (kg/s) :QUESTION:H Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa, 17 Deg. Centigrade at a rate of 2.4 m3/s, and leaves at 257 Deg. Centigrade. If the compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 84 percent, plot the h-s diagram of the actual and isentropic processes, and determine the following: The actual work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The isentropic work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The exit pressure of air, P2 (kPa ) The mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor. (kg/s) :IMAGE: :ANSWERS:4 :CASE:0 :ANSWER1:243.82:100:0:10:0 :ANSWER2:204.809:100:0:10:0 :FEEDBACK1:H :CAT:Second law of thermodynamics # End of question: Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa, 17 Deg. Centigrade at a rate of 2.4 m3/s, and leaves at 257 Deg. Centigrade. If the compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 84 percent, plot the h-s diagram of the actual and isentropic processes, and determine the following: The actual work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The isentropic work input to the compressor per unit mass (kJ/kg) The exit pressure of air, P2 (kPa ) The mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor. (kg/s)